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Rwandan troops fought alongside M23 rebels in DR Congo: UN experts

Rwandan troops fought alongside M23 rebels in DR Congo: UN experts
Civilians flee the fighting around Birundule in North Kivu province of the Democratic Republic of Congo on May 14, 2024. (AFP)
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Updated 08 July 2024

Rwandan troops fought alongside M23 rebels in DR Congo: UN experts

Rwandan troops fought alongside M23 rebels in DR Congo: UN experts
  • Kinshasa has accused Rwanda of backing the Tutsi-led M23 rebel group
  • Until the end of 2023, Rwandan authorities publicly denied that their troops were operating alongside M23 rebels in Nord Kivu

GOMA, DR Congo: Some 3,000-4,000 Rwandan soldiers fought alongside M23 rebels in east DR Congo, said a UN experts report seen by AFP Monday, which noted that Kigali had “de facto control” of the group’s operations.
The North Kivu province has been in the grip of the M23 (March 23 Movement) rebellion since the end of 2021, with the group seizing swathes of territory in the region and installing a parallel regime in areas now under its control.
Kinshasa has accused Rwanda of backing the Tutsi-led M23 rebel group. Kigali has never acknowledged its troops were operating in the Democratic Republic of Congo.
But the report commissioned by the UN Security Council said the Rwandan army’s “de facto control and direction over M23 operations” renders the country “liable for the actions of M23.”
Rwanda Defense Force (RDF) military interventions and operations in the Nyiragongo, Rutshuru and Masisi territories — all in North Kivu — “were critical to the impressive territorial expansion achieved between January and March 2024” by the M23, the report stated.
The report’s researchers estimated that at the time of writing in April the number of Rwandan troops were “matching if not surpassing” the number of M23 soldiers, thought to be at around 3,000.
The report contains authenticated photographs, drone footage, video recordings, testimony and intelligence, which it says confirm the RDF’s systematic border incursions.
The footage and photos show rows of armed men in uniform, operating equipment such as artillery and armored vehicles with radar and anti-aircraft missile systems, as well as trucks to transport troops.
Until the end of 2023, Rwandan authorities publicly denied that their troops were operating alongside M23 rebels in Nord Kivu, but since then Kigali has no longer commented directly on such accusations.
Rwandan President Paul Kagame said on June 20 on France 24 “we are ready to fight” against the Democratic Republic of Congo if necessary, although he avoided the question of his country’s military presence in the country.
For several months the United States, France, Belgium and the European Union have been calling on Rwanda to withdraw its forces and ground-to-air missiles from Congolese soil and to stop supporting the M23.
The report also said that children from the age of 12 have been recruited from “almost all refugee camps in Rwanda” to be sent to training camps in the rebel zone under supervision of Rwandan soldiers and M23 combatants.
“Recruits aged 15 and above were combat-trained and dispatched to the frontlines to fight,” it said.
It added that the recruitment of minors in Rwanda was generally carried out by intelligence officers “through false promises of remuneration or employment,” and that those “who did not consent were taken forcefully.”
During their offensives the M23 and Rwandan army “specifically targeted localities, predominantly inhabited by Hutus, in areas known to be strongholds of FDLR” — the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda.
The FDLR is a Rwandan rebel group formed by former senior Hutu officials behind the genocide of the Tutsi in Rwanda in 1994, who have since taken refuge in DR Congo.
The presence of the group in the eastern DR Congo is considered by Kigali as a threat.
The international community has called for an end to foreign intervention in war-riddled DR Congo and also asked Kinshasa to distance itself from the FDLR.
But the UN report noted that the DRC government has used several “North Kivu armed groups, including the FDLR, to fight M23 and RDF.”
This mixture of armed groups fighting alongside the Congolese army is known as the Wazalendo — Swahili for patriots.
The experts who wrote the report accused the Wazalendo of numerous violations of human rights and international humanitarian law.
The experts also said they had confirmation of “active support” for the M23 from members of the Ugandan intelligence services.
This comes even though Uganda’s army has been working alongside the Congolese army in its fight against another rebel group affiliated with the Daesh group, some 100 kilometers north of the area under the control of the M23.


French authorities raid SocGen offices for second day, source says

French authorities raid SocGen offices for second day, source says
Updated 17 sec ago

French authorities raid SocGen offices for second day, source says

French authorities raid SocGen offices for second day, source says
The raids are part of a preliminary investigation opened in 2024

PARIS: French authorities searched Societe Generale’s offices in Paris and Luxembourg for a second day, as part of a tax fraud investigation, a judicial source said on Wednesday.

SocGen declined to comment.

The raids are part of a preliminary investigation opened in 2024 into the French bank, led by the prosecution office, for “tax fraud laundering,” “organized or aggravated tax fraud laundering” and “criminal conspiracy,” the same source said on Tuesday.

German prosecutor seeks arrest on terror charges of a Syrian man who allegedly stabbed 4

German prosecutor seeks arrest on terror charges of a Syrian man who allegedly stabbed 4
Updated 2 min 23 sec ago

German prosecutor seeks arrest on terror charges of a Syrian man who allegedly stabbed 4

German prosecutor seeks arrest on terror charges of a Syrian man who allegedly stabbed 4
  • Last month, the defendant attacked several people with a knife outside a restaurant in downtown Bielefeld in the early morning
  • Prosecutors allege that the suspect joined the Daesh group in Syria in December 2014 at the latest in the city of Raqqa in Syria

BERLIN: Germany’s top prosecutor on Wednesday submitted a new arrest warrant based on terrorism allegations for a Syrian man who stabbed and critically injured four men outside a restaurant in the western city of Bielefeld last month.
The federal prosecutor’s office said in a statement that the accused, who has only been identified as Mahmoud M. in line with German privacy rules, “is urgently suspected of membership of a foreign terrorist organization, attempted murder and dangerous bodily harm.”
Last month, the defendant attacked several people with a knife outside a restaurant in downtown Bielefeld in the early morning. Four men were seriously injured.
Prosecutors allege that the suspect follows an Islamist-jihadist ideology. He joined the Daesh group in Syria in December 2014 at the latest in the city of Raqqa in Syria, they said.
After entering Germany, prosecutors said the accused decided to kill as many randomly selected people in Germany as possible. He did so ”in the name of a global ‘holy war’ and on behalf of Islamic State,” they added.
“To this end, in the early morning of May 18, 2025, he stabbed guests with knives in front of a restaurant in Bielefeld, critically injuring four people,” the prosecutors said.
The newly submitted arrest warrant replaces an arrest warrant issued by a Bielefeld local court on May 20, which had been obtained by the Bielefeld public prosecutor’s office. M. was arrested on May 19, and has been in custody since then. On May 20, the federal prosecutor’s office had taken over the investigation.
Among other things, the federal prosecutor’s office takes over terrorism-related cases from local prosecutors in Germany.


Eritrea seeks to end mandate of UN expert investigating abuses, document shows

Eritrea seeks to end mandate of UN expert investigating abuses, document shows
Updated 25 June 2025

Eritrea seeks to end mandate of UN expert investigating abuses, document shows

Eritrea seeks to end mandate of UN expert investigating abuses, document shows
  • The Special Rapporteur is mandated to document violations in Eritrea
  • The UN expert position was set up in 2012 by a group of African states

GENEVA: Eritrea is trying to cancel the mandate of a UN expert investigating alleged abuses, a document sent to the UN Human Rights Council showed, in a rare move that Western diplomats fear may set a precedent for states looking to escape scrutiny.

The Special Rapporteur, a position currently held by Sudanese human rights lawyer Mohamed Abdelsalam Babiker, is mandated to document violations in Eritrea, where civil society groups such as Human Rights Watch say impunity is widespread.

In a May report he described the situation as “critical,” highlighting cases of arbitrary detention, enforced disappearances and the use of lengthy national and military service terms that are driving thousands to flee.

Eritrea’s information ministry and its diplomatic mission in Geneva did not immediately respond to requests for comment.

Eritrea, which has long opposed the mandate, sent a large delegation to champion its proposal at a UN meeting in Geneva on Monday and voiced opposition to investigations targeting individual countries’ records.

States like Sudan, Russia and Iran backed it while the EU and Britain were among those who opposed it in a polarized debate, diplomats said.

The UN expert position was set up in 2012 by a group of African states and has been renewed annually by the Geneva-based council in an effort led recently by the European Union. But this year, Eritrea beat them to it and instead tabled a rival motion to discontinue the mandate, the document showed.

While states subject to UN investigations often lobby against them or try to dilute them, rights experts say there has never before been a proposal to end a mandate put before the council in its nearly 20-year history and worry it could embolden states looking to block accountability efforts. In 2023, Ethiopia tried to end a mandate early, before backing off.

“The EU recalls that the principles of sovereignty and non-interference in a state’s internal affairs do not free states from their obligations under international human rights law,” the EU delegate said in a statement shared with Reuters, arguing that Eritrea’s lack of consent “should not be used to escape international scrutiny.”

Many of the Geneva-based council’s other probes are typically brought by Western countries, such as those on Russia and Sudan. Sometimes the evidence they gather is used by international prosecutors.

A vote is expected next month.


Pope Leo XIV affirms celibacy for priests, demands ‘firm’ action on sex abuse

Pope Leo XIV affirms celibacy for priests, demands ‘firm’ action on sex abuse
Updated 25 June 2025

Pope Leo XIV affirms celibacy for priests, demands ‘firm’ action on sex abuse

Pope Leo XIV affirms celibacy for priests, demands ‘firm’ action on sex abuse
  • Bishops must remain celibate ‘and present to all the authentic image of the church, holy and chaste in her members as in her head’

ROME: Pope Leo XIV affirmed Wednesday that priests must be celibate and insisted that bishops take “firm and decisive” action to deal with sex abusers, as he gave marching orders Wednesday to the world’s Catholic hierarchy.

Leo met in St. Peter’s Basilica with about 400 bishops and cardinals from 38 countries attending this week’s special Holy Year celebrations for clergy. A day after he gave an uplifting message of encouragement to young seminarians, Leo offered a more comprehensive outline of what bishops must do to lead their flocks.

It’s an issue the former Cardinal Robert Prevost would have long pondered given his role as the prefect of the Vatican Dicastery for Bishops. In that job from 2023 until his election in May, the Chicago-born Prevost vetted bishop nominations for Pope Francis, identifying the type of leader who would further Francis’ view of a church where all are welcome and dialogue is the decisive form of governance.

History’s first American pope reaffirmed Wednesday that the primary role of bishops is to forge unity in his diocese among clergy and to be close to his flock in word and deed. Bishops must live in poverty and simplicity, generously opening their homes to all and acting as a father figure and brother to his priests, Leo said.

“In his personal life, he must be detached from the pursuit of wealth and from forms of favoritism based on money or power,” he said.

Bishops must remain celibate “and present to all the authentic image of the church, holy and chaste in her members as in her head,” he said.

Referring to cases of abuse, he said bishops “must be firm and decisive in dealing with situations that can cause scandal and with every case of abuse, especially involving minors, and fully respect the legislation currently in force.”

It was the second time in a week that Leo has commented publicly on the abuse scandal. On Friday night, in a written statement to a crusading Peruvian journalist who documented gross abuses in a Peruvian Catholic movement, Leo said there should be no tolerance in the Catholic Church for any type of abuse. He identified sexual and spiritual abuses, as well as abuses of authority and power in calling for “transparent processes” to create a culture of prevention across the church.

Francis, who in many ways placed Leo in position to succeed him, had also reaffirmed celibacy for Latin rite priests while acknowledging it was a discipline of the church, not doctrine, and therefore could change. But he refused appeals from Amazonian bishops to allow married priests to address the priest shortage in the region.

Prevost spent two decades as a missionary and bishop in Peru and would know well those arguments. But on Wednesday he reaffirmed the celibate priesthood as the “authentic image” of the church.


Indonesia continues evacuation despite Iran-Israel ceasefire

Indonesia continues evacuation despite Iran-Israel ceasefire
Updated 25 June 2025

Indonesia continues evacuation despite Iran-Israel ceasefire

Indonesia continues evacuation despite Iran-Israel ceasefire
  • Nearly 400 Indonesians live in Iran, most of whom are students
  • So far 96 Indonesian nationals have left the country through Azerbaijan

JAKARTA: Indonesia is continuing to evacuate its nationals from Iran, the foreign ministry said on Wednesday amid fears of further Israeli bombardments despite ceasefire claims.

The Indonesian Embassy in Tehran has been on its highest alert since June 19, following a week of Israeli attacks on Iranian cities that Tel Aviv claimed were aimed at preventing Iran from developing nuclear weapons.

Along with countries which evacuated their citizens from Iran amid growing destruction from Israeli attacks, the Indonesian Ministry of Foreign Affairs has moved 96 Indonesian citizens to Baku, Azerbaijan in its first phase of evacuation.

“There will be a second phase of evacuation, the Indonesian Embassy in Tehran is currently taking registration from other Indonesian citizens who wish to be evacuated,” Andy Rachmianto, director-general for protocol and consular affairs, told Arab News on Wednesday.

After Iran retaliated to Israel’s initial attacks with ballistic missile strikes, the two countries have been trading missiles, with the Israeli military increasingly targeting civilian infrastructure.

According to the Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Israeli military attacks have killed more than 600 people and wounded over 5,300 others.

Over the weekend, the US joined Israel in attacking Iran by striking Iranian nuclear facilities. In retaliation, Tehran launched a missile attack on the Al-Udeid Air Base in Qatar, the largest US military base in the Middle East.

Hours later, on Monday, US President Donald Trump announced that Israel and Iran had agreed to a ceasefire.

The Indonesian foreign affairs ministry said that its missions throughout the Middle East are “closely monitoring” the escalating situation between Israel, Iran and the US.

“The Ministry of Foreign Affairs encourages Indonesian citizens who are now in the Middle East to increase vigilance and to continue monitoring the security situation as well as instructions issued by local authorities, and to avoid locations of assets belonging to countries in the conflict,” it said in a statement on Tuesday.

Judha Nugraha, the director of citizen protection, told Arab News that the ministry is “ready to facilitate” the next evacuation.

There are nearly 400 Indonesian nationals living in Iran, most of whom are students, the ministry’s latest data showed.

On Tuesday, 11 Indonesians from the first group of evacuees arrived in Jakarta, to be followed by the arrival of 48 Indonesian nationals and one foreign national married to an Indonesian on Wednesday evening.

The rest of the group is scheduled to land in Jakarta on Thursday.