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War in Gaza to top UNGA agenda as 79th session begins on Sept. 24

War in Gaza to top UNGA agenda as 79th session begins on Sept. 24
Palestinians check the grounds of a school after an Israeli air strike hit the site, in Nuseirat in the central Gaza Strip on September 11, 2024, amid the ongoing war in the Palestinian territory between Israel and Hamas. (AFP)
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Updated 12 September 2024

War in Gaza to top UNGA agenda as 79th session begins on Sept. 24

War in Gaza to top UNGA agenda as 79th session begins on Sept. 24
  • 87 heads of state, three VPs, two crown princes, 45 heads of government, eight deputy heads of government, 45 ministers currently due to address
  • One of the longest speeches made during General Assembly was by Cuban leader Fidel Castro in 1960 who spoke for about four and a half hours

UNITED NATIONS: Every September world leaders travel to New York to address the start of the annual United Nations General Assembly session.
The six days of speeches to mark the beginning of the 79th session will start on Sept. 24.
WHO SPEAKS WHEN?
When the United Nations was formed in 1945 following World War Two, there were originally 51 members. That has since grown to 193 members. Leaders of two non-member observer states — known at the UN as the Holy See and the State of Palestine — and an observer member, the European Union, can also speak.
It is tradition for Brazil to always be the first member state to speak. This is because in the early years of the world body Brazil stepped up to speak first when other countries were reluctant to do so, say UN officials.
As host to the UN headquarters in New York, the United States is the second country to address the General Assembly.
From there the list is then based on hierarchy and generally a first come, first served basis. Heads of state speak first, followed by deputy heads of state and crown princes, heads of government, ministers, and lower-ranked heads of a delegation.
This year some 87 heads of state, three vice presidents, two crown princes, 45 heads of government, eight deputy heads of government, 45 ministers, and four lower-ranked heads of a delegation are currently due to address the General Assembly.
Last year fewer than 12 percent of those to stand at the lectern were women.
HOW LONG WILL THEY SPEAK?
Leaders are asked to stick to a voluntary 15-minute time limit.
According to UN records, one of the longest speeches made during the opening of a General Assembly was by Cuban leader Fidel Castro in 1960 — he spoke for about four and a half hours. More recently, Libyan leader Muammar Qaddafi spoke for more than one and a half hours in 2009.




UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres addresses the 78th United Nations General Assembly at UN headquarters in New York City on September 19, 2023. (Photo courtesy: UN/File)

WHAT WILL THEY TALK ABOUT?
Each high-level gathering to mark the start of the annual General Assembly session has a theme, which leaders tend to briefly reference before moving on to talking about whatever they want.
This year’s theme is: “Leaving no one behind: acting together for the advancement of peace, sustainable development and human dignity for present and future generations.”
Some other topics likely to be spoken about by leaders include:
THE WAR IN GAZA
With the civilian death toll in Gaza ballooning to more than 41,000 people according to local health officials and the humanitarian situation deteriorating, many leaders are expected to call for a ceasefire in the war between Israel and Hamas.
The conflict started nearly a year ago with the deadly Hamas attack on civilians in Israel on Oct. 7 — two weeks after world leaders had finished meeting at the last UN General Assembly.
After Israel began retaliating against Hamas in the Gaza Strip, the General Assembly on Oct. 27 called for an immediate humanitarian truce. It then overwhelming demanded an immediate humanitarian ceasefire in December.
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu — who has long accused the UN of being anti-Israel — and Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas are both scheduled to address the General Assembly on Sept. 26.




A military jeep patrols the Israeli side of the Israel-Gaza border, amid the Israel-Hamas conflict, in Israel, September 11, 2024. (REUTERS)

UKRAINE
Many world leaders are likely to call for an end to Russia’s roughly two-and-a-half year war in Ukraine.
The General Assembly adopted six resolutions on the conflict in the first year — denouncing Moscow and demanding it withdraw all its troops. A resolution in October 2022 — condemning Russia’s “attempted illegal annexation” of four regions in Ukraine — won the greatest support with 143 states voting yes.
Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky is due to address the General Assembly on Sept. 25.
While Russian President Vladimir Putin virtually addressed the General Assembly in 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic, he has not physically traveled to New York for the event since 2015. Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov is instead due to speak to the General Assembly on Sept. 28.
CLIMATE
As the world struggles to hold global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius, leaders of smaller island nations and other states most affected by climate changes are likely to use their speeches at the General Assembly to again make impassioned pleas for action.




Residents wade through the flooded waters outside their homes following heavy rains in Charsadda district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province on April 17, 2024. (AFP/File)

UN SECURITY COUNCIL REFORM
Many world leaders — particularly from Africa and key powers including Brazil, Germany, India, and Japan — are likely to call for reform of the 15-member UN Security Council, which is charged with maintaining international peace and security.
It is an issue that has long been discussed by the General Assembly, but has gathered steam in recent years after Russia invaded Ukraine and then used its Security Council veto to block any action by the body. The United States has also long been criticized for shielding its ally Israel from council action.
Reform ideas include expanding the council’s membership — through adding more permanent veto powers or short-term elected members — to better reflect the world and limiting the veto, currently held by the US, Russia, China, Britain and France.
Any changes to the Security Council membership is done by amending the founding UN Charter. This needs the approval and ratification by two-thirds of the General Assembly, including the Security Council’s current five veto powers.
SUMMIT OF THE FUTURE
Before the leaders begin addressing the General Assembly, a two-day Summit of the Future will be held on Sept. 22-23. UN member states are currently negotiating three documents they hope to adopt on Sept. 22 — a pact for the future, a declaration on future generations and a global digital compact.
Speaking to Reuters on Wednesday, UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres said it was “absolutely essential” to ambitiously use the summit to come up with “adequate governance for the world of today.”
He argued for reform of the 15-member UN Security Council, the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund and for global governance of artificial intelligence and other emerging challenges.


17 heat records broken in Japan

17 heat records broken in Japan
Updated 27 sec ago

17 heat records broken in Japan

17 heat records broken in Japan
TOKYO: Seventeen heat records were broken in Japan on Monday, the weather agency said, after the country sweltered through its hottest ever June and July.
Heatwaves are becoming more intense and frequent worldwide because of human-caused climate change, scientists say, and Japan is no exception.
The city of Komatsu, in the central region of Ishikawa, saw a new record of 40.3 degrees Celsius (104 degrees Fahrenheit) on Monday, the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) said.
Toyama city in Toyama prefecture, also in the central region, hit 39.8C (103F), the highest temperature since records began, according to the JMA.
Fifteen other locations across cities and towns soared to new highs between 35.7C (96F) and 39.8C, added the JMA, which monitors temperatures at more than 900 points in Japan.
On July 30, Japan experienced its highest recorded temperature, a sizzling 41.2C (106F) in the western region of Hyogo.
The rainy season ended about three weeks earlier than usual in western regions of Japan, another record.
With low levels of rainfall and heat, several dams in the northern region were almost empty, the land ministry said, with farmers worried that a water shortage and extreme heat could result in a poor harvest.
Experts warn Japan’s beloved cherry trees are blooming earlier due to the warmer climate, or sometimes not fully blossoming because autumns and winters are not cold enough to trigger flowering.
The famous snowcap of Mount Fuji was absent for the longest recorded period last year, not appearing until early November, compared with the average of early October.
Japan this year had its hottest June and July since data collection began in 1898, with the weather agency warning of further “severe heat” in the months ahead.
The speed of temperature increases across the world is not uniform.
Of the continents, Europe has seen the fastest warming per decade since 1990, followed closely by Asia, according to global data from the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).

Tycoon who brought F1 to Singapore pleads guilty in graft case

Tycoon who brought F1 to Singapore pleads guilty in graft case
Updated 50 min 10 sec ago

Tycoon who brought F1 to Singapore pleads guilty in graft case

Tycoon who brought F1 to Singapore pleads guilty in graft case
  • Malaysian billionaire Ong Beng Seng entered his guilty plea from a glass-encased dock at a district court in downtown Singapore on Monday

SINGAPORE: A Malaysian hotel tycoon who helped bring Formula One to Singapore pleaded guilty Monday to abetting the obstruction of justice, in a rare corruption case in the city-state that saw a former transport minister jailed last year.

Singapore-based billionaire Ong Beng Seng, 79, was charged in October last year with helping former transport minister S. Iswaran cover up evidence in a graft investigation.

He was also accused of showering Iswaran with lavish gifts including tickets to the 2017 Singapore Formula One Grand Prix, flights on a private jet, business class travel, and a luxury hotel stay while Iswaran was working in his official capacity.

Ong entered his guilty plea from a glass-encased dock at a district court in downtown Singapore on Monday.

Prosecutors sought a two-month jail term after Ong agreed to plead guilty. He will be sentenced on August 15.

But prosecutors also agreed with defense lawyers that the court could show “judicial mercy” – which could further reduce any sentence.

Defense lawyers pleaded for clemency, saying their septuagenarian client suffered from a litany of serious ailments, including an incurable form of cancer.

They asked for a “stiff fine” instead of actual jail time.

“The risks to Mr. Ong’s life increase dramatically in prison,” lawyer Cavinder Bull told the court, saying prison could not give his client sufficient care.

“This man is living on the edge,” Bull added.

The trial of Malaysia-born Ong had attracted significant media attention due to his links with Iswaran and the affluent city-state’s reputation as one of the world’s least corrupt nations.

Ong owns Singapore-based Hotel Properties Limited and is the rights holder to the Singapore Grand Prix Formula One race.

He and Iswaran were instrumental in bringing the Formula One night race on a street circuit to Singapore in 2008.

In July 2023, Ong was arrested as part of a graft probe involving Iswaran and was subsequently released on bail.

In October last year, Iswaran was jailed for 12 months after he pleaded guilty to accepting illegal gifts worth more than S$400,000 ($310,000).

He was also found guilty of obstructing justice, in the city-state’s first political graft trial in nearly half a century.

Iswaran completed serving his sentence on June 6.


Russian train slams into bus, killing at least one and injuring 11

Russian train slams into bus, killing at least one and injuring 11
Updated 04 August 2025

Russian train slams into bus, killing at least one and injuring 11

Russian train slams into bus, killing at least one and injuring 11
  • A freight train rammed into a tourist bus at a level crossing near the Russian city of Saint Petersburg on Monday, killing one person and injuring 11, officials said

MOSCOW: A freight train rammed into a tourist bus at a level crossing near the Russian city of Saint Petersburg on Monday, killing one person and injuring 11, officials said.
The accident in northwestern Russia occurred at 0300 GMT, Russia’s rail network said. The bus was on the tracks when the train hit it at full speed.
The train driver applied emergency braking “but the distance was too short and he could not avoid a collision,” the railway statement said.
“According to preliminary information, 12 passengers on the bus were injured and one of them died of injuries,” it said.
Traffic violations are fairly common in Russia, resulting in several deadly accidents.


Tourism boom sparks backlash in historic heart of Athens

Tourism boom sparks backlash in historic heart of Athens
Updated 04 August 2025

Tourism boom sparks backlash in historic heart of Athens

Tourism boom sparks backlash in historic heart of Athens
  • This year, 10 million people are expected to visit Athens, an increase of two million from 2024 which reflects the city’s growing popularity as a tourist destination

ATHENS: Surrounded by a hubbub of blaring music, restaurant terraces and rumbling suitcase wheels slaloming between overflowing litter bins, Giorgos Zafeiriou believes surging tourism has made his historic Athens neighborhood unrecognizable.
The Greek capital’s Plaka district “is threatened by overtourism,” said Zafeiriou, who has lived there for more than three decades and leads its residents’ association.
This year, 10 million people are expected to visit Athens, an increase of two million from 2024 which reflects the city’s growing popularity as a tourist destination since the Covid-19 pandemic ended.
Despite its label as the cradle of Western civilization, Athens was previously regarded as a mere stopping point between the airport and the port of Piraeus, from where tourists explore Greece’s myriad of picturesque islands.
Nicknamed “the neighborhood of the gods,” Plaka is nestled below the ancient Acropolis hill, a world heritage site hosting the millennia-old Parthenon temple which welcomed almost 4.5 million visitors last year.
Plaka is now awash with tourists who navigate its warren of narrow streets lined with cafes, taverns, souvenir shops, small Byzantine churches and relics from Antiquity and the Ottoman era.
Plaka “is Europe’s oldest neighborhood which has been inhabited continuously since Antiquity,” said Lydia Carras, head of the Ellet association working to preserve the environment and cultural heritage.
“We cannot see it lose its soul,” she added.
Tourism is a pillar of the Greek economy, which endured years of painful austerity following the 2008 global financial crash and the ensuing eurozone debt crisis.
For souvenir shop seller Konstantinos Marinakis, “Greece is finally doing better thanks to the good health of tourism which allowed the economy to recover and create jobs.”
But the flourishing sector has generated a backlash in Europe’s most sought-after locations, with locals complaining of soaring housing prices and the impact on their neighborhoods.
Protesters have targeted tourists with water pistols in Spain’s Barcelona, while the Italian city of Venice has introduced a charge in a bid to control visitor numbers.
Mayor Haris Doukas told AFP with pride that Athens was now one of the world’s 10 most-visited cities, but acknowledged “areas like Plaka which are saturated with tourists.”
“We are not yet at the stage of Barcelona, but we must act before it is too late,” he said.
An “intervention unit” for Plaka was recently created to enforce rules with the support of the police.
Any resident who spots a restaurant terrace encroaching on public space or cars parked on the pavement can report the offenders to this team.
“Between 1960 and 1980, Plaka was overwhelmed by discos and bouzoukias,” and “many residents had already left,” explained Carras, referring to clubs that play traditional Greek music.
A 1993 presidential decree shut the clubs, protected homes and specified the use of each building in the neighborhood, with hotels only allowed on certain streets.
But “these rules have been dodged,” with “entire houses converted into several apartments” advertised on short-term rental platforms, said Dimitris Melissas, a lawyer specializing in urban planning.
Plaka’s population of 2,000 can be swamped by up to four times as many tourists in the summer, added Melissas, although no official statistics exist because the census measures Athens as a whole.
Representing Ellet, the lawyer has taken a case over the legality of 16 buildings converted entirely into seasonal rentals to the Council of State, Greece’s top administrative court.
He argued they are actually hotel premises in disguise because they have receptions or serve breakfast on terraces. A decision, which could set an important legal precedent, is expected by the end of September.
The conservative government has banned new registrations of apartments on short-term rental platforms for at least a year in central Athens, where more than 12,000 seasonal lets existed in 2024, fueling rent rises.
“But when I still read adverts in newspapers to invest in apartments that can be converted into Airbnbs, I doubt the effectiveness of this measure,” said Melissas.
“The problem in Greece is not voting laws but enforcing them.”


NGOs caught between juntas and militants in turbulent Sahel

NGOs caught between juntas and militants in turbulent Sahel
Updated 04 August 2025

NGOs caught between juntas and militants in turbulent Sahel

NGOs caught between juntas and militants in turbulent Sahel
  • Since seizing power, the juntas have made sovereignty and the fight against militants their priority
  • This left NGOs and organizations that receive funding from abroad under increased pressure

ABIDJAN: NGOs in the violence-wracked Sahel region are dangerously caught between military juntas who accuse them of being spies, and militants who view them as symbols of Western influence.

In the world terror epicenter, nearly 30 million people rely on humanitarian aid provided by non-governmental organizations and international bodies.

“The need is mostly concentrated in the central Sahel” in junta-led Mali, Burkina Faso and Niger where assistance is critical to nearly 15 million people, according to the United Nations humanitarian agency, OCHA.

Since seizing power, the juntas have made sovereignty and the fight against militants their priority, leaving NGOs and organizations that receive funding from abroad under increased pressure.

In Burkina Faso, 21 NGOs had their permits to operate in the country revoked in the space of just one month between June and July, for what the authorities said were administrative reasons.

Ten other associations were suspended for three months.

“It’s a tough blow but we are working to comply with legal requirements. For now, our activities are suspended,” a member of one of the associations said.

In neighboring Mali, NGOs financed or supported by former colonial power France, with whom the junta has cut ties, have been suspended since 2022.

The military-led authorities also plan to impose a 10-percent levy on funding for NGOs and associations to use for Mali’s “economic, social, environmental and cultural development,” according to a draft law seen by AFP.

Niger’s junta has ordered NGOs to align their activities with its priorities, which it says are bolstering security, developing production centers to boost the economy and promoting good governance.

In November, it withdrew the operating licenses for French aid group Acted and a local association, Action for Wellbeing (ABPE).

Interior Minister General Mohamed Toumba declared two months later that “many NGOs” in Niger were carrying out “subversion missions” through “support they often provide to terrorists.”

Then in February, the International Committee of the Red Cross was ordered to leave the west African country, where it had worked since 1990, accused of “collusion with terrorists.”

As they come under pressure from the juntas, NGOs must also contend with attacks by militant groups affiliated with Al-Qaeda or the Daesh group, who see them as a threat to their power and ideology.

The Sahel region was the epicenter of global “terrorism” for the second straight year in 2024, accounting for more than half of deaths put down to terror attacks worldwide, according to the Global Terrorism Index.

At least 26 humanitarian workers were killed in the Sahel last year and many more wounded and kidnapped in 116 security incidents, OCHA said.

“Our operations are now limited to a few cities. To transport staff or supplies, for example, we prefer air transport, which generates extra costs at a time when we are struggling to mobilize resources,” a Burkinabe humanitarian worker, speaking on condition of anonymity due to security concerns, said.

“Many NGOs are now present on the ground thanks to their local staff, which minimizes risks,” a Nigerien NGO worker said.

In October, Doctors Without Borders (MSF) stopped working in the large northern Burkinabe town of Djibo, which is surrounded by militants, following attacks targeting its health centers and offices.

A few years earlier the medical charity had been forced to leave the southeast Nigerien town of Maine Soroa near the border with Nigeria due to raids by Boko Haram militants in August 2020.

“NGOs are targeted because extremist groups are seeking to establish themselves as legitimate alternative authorities,” said Charlie Werb, an analyst at risk advisory company Alert:24.

“They want to supplant the state, which means not only pushing out the state itself from territory, but also organizations deemed to be providing services on its behalf,” he said.

The Group for the Support of Islam and Muslims, known by its Arabic initials JNIM, an Islamist outfit affiliated with Al-Qaeda that is active in Mali, Niger and Burkina Faso, “has stated that it will only allow NGOs to operate in areas under its control so long as they don’t carry out activity that goes against their religious principles,” Werb said.

NGOs have had armed escorts imposed on them by the juntas purportedly to ensure their safety, but humanitarian workers believe the move is mostly designed to keep track of their activities.

“Conducting our activities under military escort can hinder our actions and expose us to one of the belligerents,” the Burkinabe aid worker said.