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Saudi businesses eye opportunities with $2bn in deals amid Pakistan’s economic upturn

Saudi businesses eye opportunities with $2bn in deals amid Pakistan’s economic upturn
Pakistan Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif with Investment Minister Khalid Bin Abdul Aziz Al-Falih. SPA
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Updated 11 October 2024

Saudi businesses eye opportunities with $2bn in deals amid Pakistan’s economic upturn

Saudi businesses eye opportunities with $2bn in deals amid Pakistan’s economic upturn
  • A large Saudi delegation of companies specializing in energy, mining and industry is currently in Pakistan
  • Delegation says economic stability, improved regulations making Pakistan attractive investment destination

ISLAMABAD: Saudi businessmen have expressed hope for successful collaborations in Pakistan, saying the country’s economic stability and improved regulatory framework had made it an attractive investment destination, following the signing of over two dozen deals between companies from both nations.

The Kingdom’s Investment Minister Khalid bin Abdulaziz Al-Falih visited Pakistan on a three-day visit with a delegation of over 130 members, including representatives from Saudi companies specializing in energy, mining, and minerals, as well as agriculture, business, tourism, industry and manpower.

The delegation on Thursday signed 27 agreements and memorandums of understanding worth more than $2 billion with several Pakistani companies.

“We saw much change in (Pakistan’s business) regulations which have become much softer,” Sultan Al-Mansour, chairman of All Care Medical Group, told Arab News, pointing out that Pakistan was gradually moving toward economic stability. “All that positive news is making Pakistan a good spot for investment.”

In June 2023, Pakistan constituted the Special Investment Facilitation Council, a hybrid civil-military forum, to facilitate foreign businesses, particularly from Gulf countries.

The Saudi investor hoped for successful collaborations, saying his company had signed two deals with Pakistani businesses developing surgical instruments and operating in the pharmaceutical industry.

“Our (Pakistani) partners will be launching a factory in Ƶ in the foreseeable future,” he informed, adding the South Asian state was rich in human resources and knowledge, and constituted a big market.

Al-Mansour said he had collaborated with Hilbro, a Pakistani company that will supply surgical goods to his organization in the kingdom.

Hilbro’s sales and marketing director, Muhammad Bilal Tariq, said his company would initially supply semi-developed products before setting up a manufacturing unit of surgical goods in Ƶ.

“We are planning to build the factory in Riyadh,” he told Arab News.




Pakistan Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif meets Saudi delegation led by Investment Minister Khalid Bin Abdul Aziz Al-Falih in Islamabad on October 10, 2024. (PMO)

Mohammad Al-Madani, CEO of Classera, one of the region’s largest e-learning ed-tech companies operating in over 40 countries, said his organization had supported numerous ministries of education, training institutions and governments globally to transform education and training.

“We have started a big project called eTaleem which aims to transform education using technology across this great nation (of Pakistan),” he said.

He informed that the first phase of operations had already started by partnering with Pakistan Telecommunication Co. Ltd., adding it would use technology to transform education more rapidly and benefit the country’s youth.

“We are talking about 60 million students of Pakistan,” he said.

Al-Madani noted that human capital was a huge asset, pointing out his collaboration in Pakistan would help advance the country.

Mohammad Al-Hijji, chairman of the Saudi investment company Engineering Dimension Holding, said it was a good time to join hands with Pakistani businesses due to the government’s investment-friendly policies.

“It is the right time and we are talking about the investment in our partnership with our brethren at Pakistani renewable energy company Welt Konnect, to invest in a 500-megawatt hybrid power project,” he told Arab News.

His Pakistani partner, Habeel Ahmed Khan, termed the collaboration a “great honor.”

“We signed an MoU with our brothers from ED Holding for the 500-megawatt project that we have been developing in the south of Pakistan, almost 45 minutes east of Karachi in the wind corridor of Gharo,” he said.

Sharing details, he said the project would produce about 168 MW of wind power and 332 MW of solar power.

“It’s going to be one of Pakistan’s first hybrid power projects, which will supply cheap electricity to the national grid,” Khan added.

Ghassan Amodi, CEO of Asyad Holding Group, which is acquiring Shell operations in Pakistan, said the move was part of their strategic plan to expand regionally.

“Our association with Shell is a longstanding relationship, and we look forward to further developing this beyond the borders of Ƶ and now Pakistan. We are also looking for other opportunities,” he said.

Speaking to Arab News, Pakistan’s Petroleum Minister Musadik Malik said over 130 representatives of around 50 Saudi companies were part of the delegation, adding that many projects and collaborations had been finalized in the energy field during the visit.

“Two Saudi companies have flown into Pakistan, and they will be talking about the upgradation of an old refinery, which is about a billion-and-a-half-dollar project,” he said while informing that Pakistan also expected to finish the study on the greenfield refinery project by December.




Pakistan’s Petroleum Minister Musadik Malik speaks during the inauguration of Pak-Saudi Business Forum 2024 in Islamabad on October 10, 2024. (PID)

“Then the conversation will begin to move forward on the $7-10 billion project,” he continued.

Malik informed that once the Saudi delegation departs, the government would follow up on an almost weekly or fortnightly basis.

“It will be to see where those contracts are, how those relationships are evolving and if there’s any government-related trouble that we need to troubleshoot and remove,” he said.


Scent economy rises as Gulf fragrances shape identity and status

Scent economy rises as Gulf fragrances shape identity and status
Updated 15 sec ago

Scent economy rises as Gulf fragrances shape identity and status

Scent economy rises as Gulf fragrances shape identity and status
  • Demand for high-end artisanal fragrances and the rise of online commerce are reshaping the market

RIYADH: In the Gulf, fragrance and its various perfume notes are increasingly seen not just as personal accessories but as symbols of identity, refinement, and wealth.

From morning rituals with oud to intricate perfume layering before gatherings, the scent economy is booming across the Gulf Cooperation Council region. This regional passion has fueled a multi-billion-riyal industry, deeply rooted in tradition, yet continually evolving through innovation.

According to a recent report by Research and Markets, Ƶ’s perfume market is projected to grow from $2.12 billion in 2023 to $3.57 billion by 2033, registering a compound annual growth rate of 5.94 percent.

Demand for high-end and artisanal fragrances, greater ecological awareness, and the rise of online commerce are reshaping the market.

From ritual to refinement

In the Gulf, fragrance is more than just an aesthetic choice; it’s a cultural expression, often beginning with the application of Royal Cambodian oud, followed by the practice of layering complementary scents.

Both Rasasi and Lattafa Perfumes, major fragrance brands across the GCC, emphasize how deep-rooted traditions are central to the region’s distinctive scent profile.

“Scent is deeply embedded in the cultural and spiritual fabric of the Gulf. Unlike Western fragrance preferences that often lean toward freshness or minimalism, the GCC palette is bold, sensual, and opulent — driven by heritage ingredients like oud, amber, rose, and saffron,” said Talha Kalsekar, head of marketing at Rasasi Perfumes.

He added: “These are not seasonal indulgences but part of daily rituals — from welcoming guests to post-shower layering. It’s also a multi-sensory form of expression: to wear scent is to project dignity, refinement, and often, status.”

Echoing this, Fragrance Development Head at Lattafa Perfumes, Abdul Rahim Shaikh, said: “Scent in Gulf culture is symbolic, it signals pride, hospitality, and self-respect. Certain notes like oud, musk, rose, and amber aren’t just popular, they are integral to religious, social, and even business rituals.”

This cultural resonance influences both the composition and consumption of perfumes. From layering of oils, sprays, and incense to the use of oud, musk, rose, and saffron, these ingredients are not trends, but mainstays.

The modern customer

Both brands are experiencing a shift in their customer base, now engaging with a more informed and expressive clientele, one that values storytelling, sustainability, and personalization just as much as the quality of the scent itself.

“Consumers in the GCC are no longer just buying scents — they’re curating olfactory wardrobes. They understand ingredients, appreciate craftsmanship, and are willing to spend more on exclusive blends, limited editions, and artisanal formats,” Kalsekar said.

Lattafa highlighted this evolution as well: “They are looking for emotional connection and long-lasting quality ... The preference leans toward intense, long-lasting, and layered compositions.”

This growing discernment has given rise to gender-neutral perfumes, higher concentrations such as extrait de parfum, and niche storytelling, especially popular among younger demographics.

This is also evident in the rise of demand for full-scent experiences, including body oils, hair mists, and incense-inspired aromas.

Tech meets tradition

Innovation is a defining trait of the evolving fragrance economy. Both Rasasi and Lattafa are integrating artificial intelligence to personalize experiences and streamline product development.

“We’re actively exploring the intersection of scent and technology. While our roots are artisanal, we recognize the value of AI in streamlining formulation processes, especially for large-scale testing and trend forecasting,” said Kalsekar.

He added: “We’re also experimenting with in-store scent personalization tools — allowing customers to co-create their fragrances.”

Lattafa is also blending AI modeling with traditional craftsmanship. “While we remain deeply committed to the artistry of perfumery, we’re exploring the role of AI and personalization to enhance consumer experience. We’re currently working on tech integrations that allow for better digital scent discovery and curated recommendations across our e-commerce platforms,” Shaikh said.

Although AI can be a tool for personalizing scent creation, Shaikh emphasized that it will not replace intuition and tradition.

The digital dimension

With Ƶ’s population becoming increasingly digital-savvy, brands are investing heavily in online infrastructure to align with changing shopping behaviors.

Social media and e-commerce platforms now serve as essential tools for storytelling, customer engagement, and market expansion.

In parallel with these digital shifts, Beautyworld Ƶ, the largest trade fair for the aesthetics industry in the nation held in Riyadh in April, offered a tangible platform for brands to establish a physical presence in the Kingdom. 

Consumers in the GCC are no longer just buying scents — they’re curating olfactory wardrobes. They understand ingredients, appreciate craftsmanship, and are willing to spend more on exclusive blends.

Talha Kalsekar, head of marketing at Rasasi Perfumes

The event also included several business matchmaking sessions and panel discussions, enabling regional and international fragrance brands to network, explore distribution deals, and assess market entry strategies for Ƶ’s growing luxury sector.

Fragrance World Perfumes, for example, used its debut at the 2024 edition of the event not just as a launchpad, but as a bridge between its global digital identity and on-the-ground consumer engagement.

Operating in over 125 countries, the UAE-based manufacturer leveraged the gathering to showcase multiple fragrance lines and reinforce its commitment to the Kingdom’s growing beauty and luxury sectors.

Lattafa, in particular, is capitalizing on social media virality, citing how fragrances like Khamrah have gained traction on platforms such as TikTok and Instagram. Shaikh noted that fragrance today is not only worn but also seen and shared, becoming both a visual and cultural phenomenon.

Rasasi also views digital and physical retail as intertwined.

“Physical retail remains essential — it’s where the emotional connection to scent is first made. So we see online and offline not as competitors, but as complementary chapters of the same brand experience,” said Kalsekar.

Luxury, loyalty and local pride

Ƶ is facing intense competition from both global and regional players in the industry.

While brands like Chanel and Dior retain their prestige, homegrown names like Abdul Samad Al-Qurashi and Arabian Oud dominate through cultural connection.

A half tola, or around 6 milliliters, of Royal Cambodian oud from Arabian Oud costs SR600 ($160). 

To remain competitive, physical retail continues to adapt. Ghawali, the Chalhoub Group’s fragrance brand, launched a flagship store in Riyadh’s Nakheel Mall in January 2023, blending modern design with traditional elements and preparing to unveil a Saudi-inspired fragrance collection.

Further emphasizing cultural continuity, the “Perfumes of the East” exhibition held in May 2024 under the patronage of Prince Badr bin Farhan, displayed over 200 artifacts at the National Museum in Riyadh. The show celebrated the Arab world’s enduring relationship with fragrance.

Fragrance outlook

The Eau de Parfum segment is forecasted to dominate due to its longevity and intensity, qualities valued in the region.

Fragrance demand is expected to continue growing, driven primarily by the youth market, primarily comprising urban consumers aged 20 to 40, with women leading the way in consumption.

Import duties and high costs remain barriers, but these challenges have led to a rise in regional manufacturing and increased interest in niche local offerings.


Ƶ crowns new technology unicorn

Ƶ crowns new technology unicorn
Updated 16 min 35 sec ago

Ƶ crowns new technology unicorn

Ƶ crowns new technology unicorn
  • Q-commerce startup Ninja valued at $1.5bn following $250m funding

RIYADH: Ƶ and the wider Middle East and North Africa region have witnessed a surge of startup funding rounds in recent weeks, underscoring the Kingdom’s pivotal role in driving technology investment and digital transformation across diverse sectors. 

Saudi-based quick-commerce startup Ninja has raised $250 million in a funding round led by Riyad Capital, lifting its valuation to $1.5 billion and marking its emergence as the country’s latest technology unicorn. 

Founded in 2022 by Saud Al Qahtani and Canberk Donmez, Ninja delivers groceries and daily essentials across Ƶ, Bahrain, Qatar, and Kuwait, reflecting the region’s growing appetite for fast, tech-enabled consumer services. 

The fresh capital will enable the company to scale logistics capabilities, expand into new geographies, and lay the groundwork for a planned public listing on the Saudi Exchange by 2027. 

The transaction highlights Riyad Capital’s role as a prominent institutional investor in MENA startups, as well as Ƶ’s rising stature as a venture capital hub as it diversifies its economy under Vision 2030.

PetroApp secures $50m to digitize fuel and fleet management

PetroApp, Ƶ’s digital fuel and fleet management platform, has raised $50 million in a funding round led by Jadwa Investment through its GCC Diversified Private Equity Fund, with participation from Bunat Ventures. 

Established in 2018 by Abdulaziz Al-Senan, PetroApp operates a cashless system designed to streamline corporate and government fleet payments while reducing fraud. 

The platform also offers value-added vehicle services such as oil changes, car washes, and tire replacements. 

Established in 2018 by Abdulaziz Al-Senan, PetroApp runs a cashless system designed to streamline corporate and government fleet payments. (Supplied)

The capital injection will support PetroApp’s retail launch within Ƶ, accelerate its international expansion plans, and further develop its proprietary technology infrastructure. 

Tariq Al-Sudairy, managing director and CEO of Jadwa Investment, said: “PetroApp presents a compelling investment opportunity, supported by a robust technology infrastructure and strong network effects.” 

Abdulaziz Al-Senan, co-founder and CEO of PetroApp, described the partnership as a critical milestone, adding: “We are excited to embark on this partnership at a pivotal stage in PetroApp’s journey. Jadwa’s institutional expertise will be critical in strengthening our foundation, accelerating growth, and expanding our leadership in Ƶ and beyond.”

Flawless raises $1.5m to expand AI-powered career guidance 

Ƶ-based Flawless has secured $1.5 million in pre-seed funding from a group of unnamed angel investors with an emphasis on early-stage innovation. 

Founded by Shaimaa Al-Ghamdi, the platform combines generative artificial intelligence with principles of social psychology to deliver personalized career guidance to users seeking better-informed professional decisions. 

Flawless evolved from a personal blog launched in 2023 to a fully operational digital business in 2024, targeting a gap in the market for data-driven career support solutions. 

Al-Ghamdi said: “What began as a passion project is now a data-driven platform helping thousands make smarter career decisions.” 

She added: “This funding validates our approach and gives us the fuel to scale responsibly and impactfully.” 

The investment will be allocated to scaling the company’s technology infrastructure, refining its product offering, and recruiting new talent to grow operations.

Byzanlink raises $1m to build blockchain-based financial infrastructure 

Dubai-based Byzanlink, a real-world asset tokenization platform, has closed a $1 million private funding round backed by Outlier Ventures, NTDP Ƶ, Smart IT Frame, Sensei Capital, and several angel investors. 

Founded in 2024 by Anbu Kannappan, the startup operates from Dubai Multi Commodities Centre and is focused on building infrastructure to tokenize traditional financial assets for both institutional and retail investors. 

What began as a passion project is now a data-driven platform helping thousands make smarter career decisions.

Shaimaa Al-Ghamdi, Flawless founder

The company aims to improve market access, transparency, and operational efficiency through blockchain technology. 

Byzanlink plans to allocate the proceeds toward product development, expanding integrations with ecosystem partners, and reinforcing compliance with evolving regulatory frameworks. 

Kannappan said: “Support from such a diverse and forward-thinking group of partners is a strong signal for what we’re building. We believe the next generation of financial infrastructure will be powered by transparency, automation, and access. We’re committed to building that foundation.” 

Idea-L secures $1m to scale venture creation platform

UAE-based idea-L has raised a $1 million pre-seed round from a group of undisclosed angel investors to advance its AI and Web3-powered venture creation platform. 

Founded in 2024 by Peter Goodwin, Daniel Muller, and Mark Hill, idea-L is designed to help entrepreneurs transform early-stage concepts into investor-ready businesses through automation and digital collaboration tools. 

The funding will be used primarily for technical hiring, platform enhancements, and the launch of new products intended to streamline venture creation workflows. 

The company aims to position itself as a key enabler in the UAE’s growing startup ecosystem by combining generative AI and tokenized ownership structures.

InstaBank secures $15m to drive digital banking in Iraq 

InstaBank, officially operating as Al-Fawr Digital Bank, has raised $15 million in funding to support the rollout and growth of its digital banking services in Iraq. 

UAE-based EQIQ, a venture capital fund and venture builder, contributed $3 million as part of the round, which aims to transform Iraq’s underdeveloped banking sector. 

Founded in 2025 by Hussain Qaragholi, InstaBank plans to use AI-powered tools and customer-centric design to deliver accessible, scalable financial services. 

The digital bank will play a central role in EQIQ’s broader fintech strategy, which integrates banking, logistics, and social commerce solutions to accelerate financial inclusion across Iraq. 

The investment underscores the rising investor interest in digitizing the country’s financial infrastructure and tapping into its large unbanked population. 

EQIQ views InstaBank as a strategic asset to drive economic participation and modernize financial ecosystems.

AgriCash raises seed funding to scale AI-powered agri-fintech platform 

Egypt-based agri-fintech platform AgriCash has secured an undisclosed amount of seed funding in a round led by Alex Angels, with participation from regional investors. 

Founded in 2024 by Diaa Youssef and Mostafa El-Sehli, AgriCash offers farmers a digital platform combining financing solutions, AI-driven agronomic insights, crop insurance, and access to input markets. 

The funding will help AgriCash expand its operations across Egypt and into neighboring markets, strengthen its AI infrastructure, and finalize integrations with insurance and banking partners. 

The company’s flagship buy now, pay later model provides farmers with interest-free access to agricultural and livestock supplies for up to 12 months, with credit ceilings of up to 3 million Egyptian pounds ($60,777). 

AgriCash aims to achieve 500 million Egyptian pounds in business volume by 2025 and plans to launch livestock financing in 2026 to consolidate its position as an end-to-end agri-finance platform serving smallholder farmers and commercial producers. 


Alfaisal University partners with Japan’s Medident on health research

Alfaisal University partners with Japan’s Medident on health research
Updated 05 July 2025

Alfaisal University partners with Japan’s Medident on health research

Alfaisal University partners with Japan’s Medident on health research
  • Collaboration to focus on equitable, tech-driven healthcare innovation
  • Signing ceremony held at Ƶ Pavilion at Osaka-Kansai Expo

TOKYO: Alfaisal University in Riyadh has signed a memorandum of understanding with Medident from Japan to create a model for equitable and technology-driven healthcare innovation that will enhance the contributions of both countries to global health.

The signing ceremony took place at the Ƶ Pavilion at the Osaka-Kansai Expo and was attended by Ghazi Faisal Binzagr, Saudi ambassador to Japan; Daisuke Tomita, president and CEO of Medident; Noor Al-Saadoun, director of health innovation at the Biotech Center of Alfaisal University; and Mohammed Abdelhakim, vice director of Medident at Nippon Medical School.

Binzagr hailed the agreement, saying: “In bringing together Ƶ’s dynamic institutional vision with Japan’s globally revered expertise in precision medicine, technology integration and multidisciplinary care models, this new alliance is anchored in a shared commitment to ethical, scalable innovation that addresses tangible clinical challenges while fostering inclusive progress.”

Initial projects under the agreement include AI-driven diagnostic trials, immersive medical education, and faculty exchanges set to begin at Alfaisal’s Health Innovation Center in Riyadh in late 2025.

The partnership will also focus on innovation labs for AI diagnostics, XR surgical training, 3D-printed biomaterials, and digitalization of the healthcare system.

Additional benefits of the partnership will include co-developed certification programs, cross-border support for health-tech startups, ethical adaptation of Japanese med-tech under Saudi Food and Drug Authority governance, and collaborative research into emerging health technologies.

Al-Saadoun said the partnership is in line with Ƶ’s Vision 2030, adding: “Today isn’t just a signing; it’s a gravitational shift. When global innovators like Japan choose Riyadh as their primary partner, they validate what Vision 2030 engineered: a sovereign ecosystem where regulatory agility, integrated infrastructure, and unwavering national commitment converge.  This MoU announcement is an invitation to the world to join the fastest-evolving tech landscape on earth.”

Alfaisal University is a non-profit institution of higher education located in the palace grounds of the late King Faisal in Riyadh.

Medident, a pioneer in integrated oral-systemic healthcare models and the deployment of multidisciplinary medical technologies, is based in Tokyo.


Global Markets — stocks and dollar dip as Trump’s spending bill passes, trade deal deadline nears

Global Markets — stocks and dollar dip as Trump’s spending bill passes, trade deal deadline nears
Updated 04 July 2025

Global Markets — stocks and dollar dip as Trump’s spending bill passes, trade deal deadline nears

Global Markets — stocks and dollar dip as Trump’s spending bill passes, trade deal deadline nears

LONDON: Stocks slipped on Friday as US President Donald Trump got his signature tax cut bill over the line and attention turned to his July 9 deadline for countries to secure trade deals with the world’s biggest economy.

The dollar also fell against major currencies with US markets already shut for the holiday-shortened week, as traders considered the impact of Trump’s sweeping spending bill which is expected to add an estimated $3.4 trillion to the national debt.

The pan-European STOXX 600 index fell 0.8 percent, driven in part by losses on spirits makers such as Pernod Ricard and Remy Cointreau after China said it would impose duties of up to 34.9 percent on brandy from the EU starting July 5.

US S&P 500 futures edged down 0.6 percent, following a 0.8 percent overnight advance for the cash index to a fresh all-time closing peak. Wall Street is closed on Friday for the Independence Day holiday.

Trump said Washington will start sending letters to countries on Friday specifying what tariff rates they will face on exports to the US, a clear shift from earlier pledges to strike scores of individual deals before a July 9 deadline when tariffs could rise sharply.

Investors are “now just waiting for July 9,” said Tony Sycamore, an analyst at IG, with the market’s lack of optimism for trade deals responsible for some of the equity weakness in export-reliant Asia, particularly Japan and South Korea.

At the same time, investors cheered the surprisingly robust jobs report on Thursday, sending all three of the main US equity indexes climbing in a shortened session.

“The US economy is holding together better than most people expected, which suggests to me that markets can easily continue to do better (from here),” Sycamore said.

Following the close, the House narrowly approved Trump’s signature, 869-page bill, which averts the near-term prospect of a US government default but adds trillions to the national debt to fuel spending on border security and the military.

Trade the key focus in Asia

Trump said he expected “a couple” more trade agreements after announcing a deal with Vietnam on Wednesday to add to framework agreements with China and Britain as the only successes so far.

US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent said earlier this week that a deal with India is close. However, progress on agreements with Japan and South Korea, once touted by the White House as likely to be among the earliest to be announced, appears to have broken down.

The US dollar index had its worst first half since 1973 as Trump’s chaotic roll-out of sweeping tariffs heightened concerns about the US economy and the safety of Treasuries, but had rallied 0.4 percent on Thursday before retracing some of those gains on Friday.

As of 2:00 p.m. Saudi time it was down 0.1 percent at 96.96.

The euro added 0.2 percent to $1.1773, while sterling held steady at $1.3662.

The US Treasury bond market is closed on Friday for the holiday, but 10-year yields rose 4.7 basis points to 4.34 percent, while the two-year yield jumped 9.3 bps to 3.882 percent.

Gold firmed 0.4 percent to $3,336 per ounce, on track for a weekly gain as investors again sought refuge in safe-haven assets due to concerns over the US’s fiscal position and tariffs.

Brent crude futures fell 64 cents to $68.17 a barrel, while US West Texas Intermediate crude likewise dropped 64 cents to $66.35, as Iran reaffirmed its commitment to nuclear non-proliferation. 


World food prices tick higher in June, led by meat and vegetable oils

World food prices tick higher in June, led by meat and vegetable oils
Updated 04 July 2025

World food prices tick higher in June, led by meat and vegetable oils

World food prices tick higher in June, led by meat and vegetable oils

PARIS: Global food commodity prices edged higher in June, supported by higher meat, vegetable oil and dairy prices, the UN Food and Agriculture Organization has said.

The FAO Food Price Index, which tracks monthly changes in a basket of internationally traded food commodities, averaged 128 points in June, up 0.5 percent from May. The index stood 5.8 percent higher than a year ago, but remained 20.1 percent below its record high in March 2022.

The cereal price index fell 1.5 percent to 107.4 points, now 6.8 percent below a year ago, as global maize prices dropped sharply for a second month. Larger harvests and more export competition from Argentina and Brazil weighed on maize, while barley and sorghum also declined.

Wheat prices, however, rose due to weather concerns in Russia, the EU, and the US.

The vegetable oil price index rose 2.3 percent from May to 155.7 points, now 18.2 percent above its June 2024 level, led by higher palm, rapeseed, and soy oil prices.

Palm oil climbed nearly 5 percent from May on strong import demand, while soy oil was supported by expectations of higher demand from the biofuel sector following announcements of supportive policy measures in Brazil and the US.

Sugar prices dropped 5.2 percent from May to 103.7 points, the lowest since April 2021, reflecting improved supply prospects in Brazil, India, and Thailand.

Meat prices rose to a record 126.0 points, now 6.7 percent above June 2024, with all categories rising except poultry. Bovine meat set a new peak, reflecting tighter supplies from Brazil and strong demand from the US. Poultry prices continued to fall due to abundant Brazilian supplies.

The dairy price index edged up 0.5 percent from May to 154.4 points, marking a 20.7 percent annual increase.

In a separate report, the FAO forecast global cereal production in 2025 at a record 2.925 billion tonnes, 0.5 percent above its previous projection and 2.3 percent above the previous year.

The outlook could be affected by expected hot, dry conditions in parts of the Northern Hemisphere, particularly for maize with plantings almost complete.