Gabon votes on new constitution hailed by junta as 鈥榯urning point鈥�

A voter casts his ballot at a polling station during Gabon鈥檚 referendum in Libreville, on November 16, 2024. (AFP)
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  • The junta on Saturday extended a night curfew by two hours, bringing it forward to midnight 鈥渄uring the whole electoral process,鈥� according to a decree read on state television

LIBREVILLE: Gabon extended a night curfew as it held a referendum on a new constitution the ruling junta says will mark a new chapter after 55 years of dynastic rule in the African nation.
The estimated 860,000 registered voters have faced an onslaught of calls by authorities on TV, radio, and social media to make their ballot count 鈥� whether they choose a green one, meaning 鈥測es,鈥� or a red one for 鈥渘o.鈥�
With the campaign dominated by official propaganda by the junta that took power in August last year in a coup, local media say voter turnout will be a crucial factor.
Voting began late at several polling stations in the capital, Libreville, with papers still being handed out when the polls opened at 7 a.m. (0600 GMT).
The 2,835 polling stations nationwide are due to remain open until 6 p.m.
The junta on Saturday extended a night curfew by two hours, bringing it forward to midnight 鈥渄uring the whole electoral process,鈥� according to a decree read on state television.
It did not specify when the extended curfew ending at 5 a.m. would remain.
The proposed constitution sets out a vision of a presidency with a maximum of two seven-year terms, no prime minister, and no dynastic transfer of power.
It would also require presidential candidates to be exclusively Gabonese 鈥� with at least one Gabon-born parent 鈥� and have a Gabonese spouse.
This would eliminate toppled ruler Ali Bongo Ondimba, married to a Frenchwoman, and his children.
His replacement, transitional President Brice Oligui Nguema, declared the referendum a 鈥済reat step forward鈥� as he cast his vote at a Libreville school.
鈥淎ll Gabonese are coming to vote in a transparent fashion,鈥� the junta chief told the press, having ditched his general鈥檚 uniform for a brown civilian jacket over light-wash jeans.
Oligui has vowed to hand power back to civilians after a two-year transition but has made no secret of his desire to win the presidential election scheduled for August 2025.
Billboards adorned with an image of the general and urging a 鈥測es鈥� vote are everywhere, the Union newspaper commented on Friday, prompting it to ask: 鈥淩eferendum or presidential campaign?鈥�
Queues of dozens of voters formed in front of the classrooms housing the polling stations at the Lycee Leon M鈥橞a in Libreville, under the watchful eye of the soldiers charged with ensuring the ballot鈥檚 security.
Nathalie Badzoko, a 33-year-old civil servant, said she voted 鈥測es鈥� and had faith in the junta but admitted she had 鈥渘ot read the whole text鈥� and its 173 articles.
Louembe Tchizinga, a 45-year-old taxi driver casting his ballot, echoed her.
Opponents of the proposed text dismiss it as tailor-made for the strongman to remain in power.
鈥淲e are creating a dictator who designs the constitution for himself,鈥� lawyer Marlene Fabienne Essola Efountame said.
Bongo ruled for 14 years until he was overthrown moments after being proclaimed the winner in a presidential election, which the army and opposition declared fraudulent.
He took office on the death of his father, Omar, who had ruled with an iron fist for more than 41 years.
The opposition and the military coup leaders accused Ali Bongo鈥檚 regime of widespread corruption, bad governance, and embezzlement.
The Interior Ministry says it has done all it can to ensure Saturday鈥檚 referendum is transparent, including by inviting international observers 鈥� who were not present in the August 2023 presidential election.
鈥淲e trust them, and this is a test,鈥� said Mathurin Bengone, a 45-year-old civil servant at the Ministry of Health.
鈥淚f our vote isn鈥檛 respected, we won鈥檛 vote again.鈥�
The ministry said provisional results will be released as soon as possible, with the final ones announced by the constitutional court.
Polls on the outcome have not been released.
However, nearly 87 percent of those asked said they think the country is 鈥渉eading in the right direction,鈥� according to an Afrobarometer survey among 1,200 respondents published mid-October.
The survey also suggested that unemployment topped the list of concerns, followed by health, roads, insecurity, and a rising cost of living.
More than 46 percent have 鈥済reat confidence鈥� in Oligui, who would be the favorite if a presidential election were to take place now.