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Poland holds tight vote with EU role at stake

Poland holds tight vote with EU role at stake
Polls close at 9:00 p.m. in the EU and NATO country, which borders Ukraine and has been a key supporter of its neighbor in the war against Russia. (AFP)
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Updated 02 June 2025

Poland holds tight vote with EU role at stake

Poland holds tight vote with EU role at stake
  • An exit poll is expected as soon as ballots close and election officials predict that the final result will be known on Monday
  • Presidents in Poland have the power to veto legislation and are also the commander-in-chief of the armed forces

WARSAW: Poles began voting on Sunday in a tight presidential election with major implications for the country’s role in Europe, and for abortion and LGBTQ rights.

Warsaw’s pro-EU mayor Rafal Trzaskowski, 53, an ally of the centrist government, faces off against nationalist historian Karol Nawrocki, 42, with opinion polls showing that the race was too tight to call.

Polls close at 9:00 p.m. (1900 GMT) in the EU and NATO country, which borders Ukraine and has been a key supporter of its neighbor in the war against Russia.

An exit poll is expected as soon as ballots close and election officials predict that the final result will be known on Monday.

A victory for Trzaskowski would be a major boost for the progressive agenda of the government led by Prime Minister Donald Tusk, a former European Council president.

It could mean significant social changes such as the introduction of civil partnerships for same-sex couples and an easing of the near-total ban on abortion.

Presidents in Poland, a fast-growing economy of 38 million people, have the power to veto legislation and are also the commander-in-chief of the armed forces.

Victory for Nawrocki would embolden the populist Law and Justice (PiS) party, which ruled Poland between 2015 and 2023, and could lead to fresh parliamentary elections.

Many Nawrocki supporters want stricter curbs on immigration and advocate for conservative values and more sovereignty for the country within the European Union.

“We should not give in to European pressure,” 40-year-old Agnieszka Prokopiuk, a homemaker, said ahead of the vote.

“We need to make our own way... and not succumb to trends from the West,” she said in the city of Biala Podlaska in eastern Poland near the Belarus border.

Tomasz Czublun, a 48-year-old mechanic, said: “The European Union is important but the sovereignty of our country is much more important.”

Anna Materska-Sosnowska, a politics expert, called the election “a real clash of civilizations” because of the wide policy differences between the candidates.

Many Trzaskowski voters support greater integration within the EU and an acceleration of social reforms.

Malgorzata Wojciechowska, a tour guide and teacher in her fifties, said Polish women “unfortunately do not have the same rights as our European friends.”

“I hope that Rafal Trzaskowski will relaunch the debate on abortion so that we can finally live in a free country where we can have our own opinion,” she said.

The election is also being watched closely in Ukraine, which is seeking to bolster international diplomatic support in its negotiations with Russia as its resistance to Moscow’s invasion grinds on.

Nawrocki, an admirer of US President Donald Trump, opposes NATO membership for Kyiv and has called for curbs on benefits for the estimated one million Ukrainian refugees in Poland.

He used his last campaign hours on Friday to leave flowers at a monument to Poles killed by Ukrainian nationalists during World War II.

“It was a genocide against the Polish people,” he said.

The election’s final result is expected to hinge on whether Trzaskowski can mobilize enough supporters and whether far-right voters will cast their ballots for Nawrocki.

Far-right candidates secured more than 21 percent of the vote in the election’s first round, which Trzaskowski won by a razor-thin margin of 31 percent against 30 percent for Nawrocki.


Afghans continue to return as Pakistan’s deportation drive deepens

Afghans continue to return as Pakistan’s deportation drive deepens
Updated 47 sec ago

Afghans continue to return as Pakistan’s deportation drive deepens

Afghans continue to return as Pakistan’s deportation drive deepens
  • Around 1.3 million Afghans have returned from Pakistan since November 2023 under Islamabad’s expulsion drive
  • Families at Torkham say they lost homes, education and livelihoods, face an uncertain future in Afghanistan

TORKHAM, Pakistan: At Torkham, the busiest border crossing between Pakistan and Afghanistan, long queues of Afghan families wait with carts, trucks and bundles of belongings.

Many have lived in Pakistan for decades but now they are going back — not by choice, but because of an ongoing campaign to expel undocumented foreigners.

In 2023, Pakistan announced that all undocumented migrants, most of them Afghans, had to leave by Nov. 1 that year or face arrest and deportation. Authorities cited security concerns, linking militants to cross-border havens, and said Afghan refugees had for decades put a drain on scarce economic resources. Human rights groups have criticized the deportation policy as collective punishment, warning it would uproot families with no safety net across the border.

Government figures say about 1.3 million Afghans have returned since November 2023 under the policy. UN agencies estimate hundreds of thousands more could be affected as the crackdown continues.

Among those forced to return is Saeed Khan, who says the expulsions have devastated his family’s future.

“My younger brother studied at an engineering university here [in Pakistan] and my younger sister has just passed her matric exam. Another boy in our family learned the Qur’an,” Khan said. 

“All of them have been cut off from their studies. Female education is already banned in Afghanistan. My brother’s life is destroyed, and we also had to abandon our small business in Pakistan.”

Ghazi, another returnee, said his family had lost everything: 

“They forced us out, and we had to sell our cattle, sheep, goats and cows at very low prices. Now vehicle rent has gone up from about Rs100,000 [$360] to nearly Rs500,000 [$1,800]. We have suffered heavy losses.”

For Jan Mohammad, who grew up in Pakistan, returning feels like exile to a homeland he never knew.

“Logar Province [in Afghanistan] is the birthplace of my father and grandfather. I was very young when we went to Pakistan, and until now I had never come back here,” he said. 

“If we are given assistance and a place where we can build a house or set up our tent and continue our life, it would help us.”

Pakistan has hosted Afghans since the Soviet invasion in 1979, at times sheltering more than three million. The numbers swelled again after the Taliban takeover of Kabul in August 2021, when tens of thousands fled to Pakistan, further straining resources and legal frameworks.

Many still hold temporary documentation like Proof of Registration cards or Afghan Citizen Cards. But those without, or whose papers have expired, are most vulnerable. 

International agencies have warned that Afghanistan, already struggling with economic collapse and restrictions on women’s rights since the Taliban returned to power in 2021, is ill-equipped to absorb such large numbers.

Islamabad insists the deportations are a sovereign right and necessary for security, saying they apply to all undocumented foreigners, not only Afghans.

Kabul has urged Pakistan to reconsider, while rights groups have appealed for protection against forced returns, citing international obligations under the principle of non-refoulement. The UN Refugee Agency has called for a halt to deportations and for Pakistan to extend legal stay for Afghans at risk, warning of a worsening humanitarian crisis.

For now, families at Torkham arrive daily with stories of disrupted education, lost property and uncertain futures. Many say they have left everything behind in Pakistan, the only home they had ever known.

As Jan Mohammad put it:

“If we are given assistance and a place where we can build a house or set up our tent and continue our life [in Afghanistan], it would help us.”
 


Public anger grows in Philippines over multibillion-dollar graft in flood control

Public anger grows in Philippines over multibillion-dollar graft in flood control
Updated 1 min 58 sec ago

Public anger grows in Philippines over multibillion-dollar graft in flood control

Public anger grows in Philippines over multibillion-dollar graft in flood control
  • Corruption in flood mitigation projects estimated to cost more than $2 billion annually
  • Largest protest planned for Sunday, on anniversary of 1972 declaration of martial law

MANILA: Whenever water levels rise near her home in Barangay Del Monte in Quezon City, Robie Yambot sends her children straight to the nearest evacuation center, never knowing how bad the situation may turn.

Living in a wooden house by the creek, the family knows what it means to lose everything to flooding. But what was once a rare event during especially intense monsoon seasons has now become a regular ordeal, and each time, the floods grow more severe.

“It’s no longer like before when the floods came only every few years ... now, it’s almost every month. Every time it rains nonstop, we get flooded, and floods today are different: the water rises quickly,” Yambot told Arab News.

“My children sometimes cry because we don’t know if there will be anything left. When floods come, it’s so fast that we can’t save our belongings in time. We just focus on evacuating.”

During every election season, politicians visit the area and promise help, but over the years they have not delivered any solution.

Despite the government allocating billions of dollars for flood control, there has been no real improvement. In the Philippines — one of the world’s most typhoon-vulnerable countries — this failure has become especially acute as investigations over the past few weeks have uncovered massive corruption in flood prevention and mitigation projects.

“All that money goes into their pockets while poor people like us suffer. We can shout and cry our frustrations, but nothing happens. There’s no justice,” Yambot said.

“There should be accountability, not just endless senate hearings. It’s heartbreaking for families like ours living near the creek. The funds are there, but where did they go?”

Last month, President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. announced that an internal audit of flood control spending had uncovered serious irregularities. Of the 545 billion pesos ($9.54 billion) allocated since 2022, thousands of projects were found to be substandard, lacking proper documentation, or did not exist.

Public Works and Highways Secretary Manuel M. Bonoan resigned soon after the announcement. A congressional investigation has since linked him to a “growing family business” involving government flood control projects.

As several powerful political figures have over the past few weeks been found to be implicated, Marcos last week established another independent commission led by a former supreme court justice and vowed to hold all wrongdoers accountable regardless of their status.

During a senate hearing on Sept. 3, Finance Secretary Ralph Recto said that economic losses due to corruption in flood control projects may have averaged $2.1 billion a year from 2023 to 2025, mainly due to ghost projects.

The findings have ignited public outrage, with activists, former cabinet members, Catholic church leaders, retired generals and anti-corruption watchdogs organizing numerous protests and calling for sweeping criminal prosecution.

A series of large anti-corruption demonstrations is planned across Metro Manila on Sept. 21 — a date that also marks the anniversary of the 1972 martial law declaration by Marcos’s father.

The president on Monday expressed his support for the protests, in which about 100 organizations are expected to take part.

Prof. David Michael San Juan, convener of the civic alliance Tama Na, said that about 100,000 people are expected to join the rally at Luneta, an urban park and main public gathering site in Manila.

“In every administration, there’s always a corruption case. But this time, it’s really terrible because it’s money that is supposed to be used to protect Filipinos from floods,” San Juan told Arab News.

“The Philippines is a victim of extreme climate change, just like many developing countries. So, the situation with flooding in the Philippines is so bad. And it has gotten worse in recent years. This year, it’s even worse. Even those areas that are not usually flooded are now going under water.”

When investigations into the scandal started to reveal the lavish lifestyles of those involved and names of politicians started to pop up, public anger grew.

“This can be considered as the straw that broke the camel’s back,” San Juan said, comparing the demonstrations with similar recent movements in Nepal and Indonesia, where people rose against corruption and misuse of resources.

“Filipinos are realizing that maybe we, too, should do something,” he said. “What the government is doing is not enough, that’s why we have seven demands, including to remove from their position, arrest, and imprison everyone involved in anomalous flood control projects from the time of (former president) Duterte to Marcos and so on.”


Ukraine confirms US has cleared first packages of arms paid for by allies

Ukraine confirms US has cleared first packages of arms paid for by allies
Updated 12 min 3 sec ago

Ukraine confirms US has cleared first packages of arms paid for by allies

Ukraine confirms US has cleared first packages of arms paid for by allies
  • Colby has approved as many as two $500 million shipments under the new mechanism

KYIV: The US has approved the first military aid packages for Ukraine under a new mechanism paid for by other allies, Kyiv’s foreign ministry spokesperson Heorhii Tykhyi confirmed on Wednesday.
Reuters first reported the news, citing sources, on Tuesday.
Undersecretary of Defense for Policy Elbridge Colby has approved as many as two $500 million shipments under the new mechanism, called the Prioritized Ukraine Requirements List or PURL, the sources said.


Bukhara Biennial 2025 — reconnecting a city through craft and conversation

Bukhara Biennial 2025 — reconnecting a city through craft and conversation
Updated 19 min 46 sec ago

Bukhara Biennial 2025 — reconnecting a city through craft and conversation

Bukhara Biennial 2025 — reconnecting a city through craft and conversation

BUKHARA: In the heart of Uzbekistan’s ancient city, where the Silk Road once carried ideas as easily as the fabric that gives it its name, Bukhara Biennial 2025 is sparking a new kind of connection.

The inaugural biennial, which runs until Nov. 20, brings together local and international artists to celebrate the city’s heritage while fostering cultural and intellectual exchange.

The event’s creative director of architecture, Wael Al-Awar, told Arab News: “What we’re talking about is what excites me most in Bukhara; I think the biennial, to me, is an instigator of connections — reconnecting Bukhara to the world; not based on tourism, but reconnecting through craft and the exchange of ideas.” 

The contemporary art event is taking place across newly restored historic landmarks in the city of Bukhara, a UNESCO Creative City of Craft & Folk Art. (Supplied)

Talking about the city’s history and younger members of the population, he said: “We need to show them the value of their history, identity and craft — they don’t know it.”

When it comes to the value of traditional crafts, Al-Awar cites local and global examples.

“I give the example of Murano glass,” he said. “At some point, it just became ‘glass for tourists’ and that craft is making a lot of money.”

There was a lively mix of both locals and tourists at the launch of the event. (Supplied)

He also highlighted local Suzani dressmakers, whose painstaking handwork has long been undervalued: “Today, they’re starting to realize that value.” He described one artisan whose hand-stitched dress took over a month to complete, initially priced too low. “They didn’t think anyone would pay more for it,” he said.

There was a lively mix of both locals and tourists at the launch of the event.

“At the opening, I saw the people coming — the locals mingling with the tourists,” said Al-Awar, praising Bukhara’s historically immersive culture: “They are used to talking to people; they’re not ‘the introverted society.’ We’re bringing the world to them, but what’s important is intellectual discourse,” he said, emphasizing the biennial was about more than tourism. 

The contemporary art event is taking place across newly restored historic landmarks in the city of Bukhara, a UNESCO Creative City of Craft & Folk Art.


South Africa commission begins probe into alleged links between politics and crime

South Africa commission begins probe into alleged links between politics and crime
Updated 21 min 10 sec ago

South Africa commission begins probe into alleged links between politics and crime

South Africa commission begins probe into alleged links between politics and crime
Africa’s most industrialized nation is plagued by deep-rooted crime and corruption
The allegations led President Cyril Ramaphosa to suspend Mchunu and announce the three-member commission, chaired by a former Constitutional Court judge

PRETORIA: A judicial commission set up by South Africa’s president to investigate explosive claims by a top cop linking politicians to criminal gangs began its public hearings on Wednesday, weeks after a delayed start.
Africa’s most industrialized nation is plagued by deep-rooted crime and corruption, fueled by organized networks.
In July, provincial police chief Nhlanhla Mkhwanazi accused police minister Senzo Mchunu and other senior officials of obstructing investigations into the cases, including politically motivated murders.
The allegations led President Cyril Ramaphosa to suspend Mchunu and announce the three-member commission, chaired by a former Constitutional Court judge.
Mkhwanazi, a prominent lieutenant general with more than three decades of service, was the first to testify before the panel in the capital Pretoria.
“It has been my aim that I want to demonstrate that the criminal justice system has been subject to a continuous threat as well as sabotage, which has been with us over an extended period,” he said.
“We believe it is at a real risk of a total collapse if nothing is done,” he added.
The panel’s interim report is expected within three months.
The commission has nonetheless come under criticism over doubts it will manage to drive tangible action, as its findings are non-binding and its recommendations depend solely on the president’s discretion.
Mkhwanazi claimed that Mchunu received payments from businessman Vusimuzi “Cat” Matlala, who is facing charges of murder and money laundering. A court denied Matlala bail on Wednesday in that case.
Mkhwanazi also accused the minister of having played a role in dismantling a team investigating killings to shield politically connected people.
Mchunu has rejected the allegations and is expected to testify before the commission.
The 67-year-old politician had been suggested by local media as a potential candidate from the centrist faction of the ruling African National Congress to succeed to Ramaphosa.