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Breeding programs necessary in a time of biodiversity loss

Breeding programs necessary in a time of biodiversity loss

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If I can begin by venturing a somewhat non-scientific opinion about our new Arabian leopard triplets, it will be this: They are incredibly cute.

The two males are rambunctious and always ready for some rough-and-tumble play. The female is more the quiet and watchful type. It is easy to become attached to these spirited creatures.

And with each new birth, RCU’s work at the Arabian Leopard Conservation Breeding Center brings us closer to the day when the Arabian leopard can return to its ancestral habitat in the rocky wilderness of AlUla. Globally, RCU’s work in Arabian leopard conservation is important in the context of the fight to conserve global biodiversity.

While the work of RCU has laid a foundation for the species’ future, we need the public to buy in as well.

Stephen Browne

The triplets are pieces of this larger puzzle. For RCU’s Arabian Leopard Conservation Breeding Program, they are significant in three respects. They represent three more leopards for the program; their births show that our leopards are in the best possible condition in the breeding center; and, lastly, the births are an incredible motivator for our team as we cope with the highs and lows of a 15-year journey to return the species to the wild.

Since launching the program some four years ago, our leopard population has grown from 14 to 32. We have reached the stage where we are ready to expand. We will be announcing plans soon. It will be a milestone moment with more to follow, and none too soon. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) reported in 2023 that the species’ numbers in the wild are diminishing.

Whereas it previously estimated the number at up to 200 mature individuals, its update states there are a maximum of 120. There are fewer Arabian leopards left in the wild than there are spots on a leopard’s coat. While the work of RCU in the past four years has laid a foundation for the species’ future, we need the public to buy in as well.

We want people to understand that the leopard is not a menace to humans, and we want farmers to know that they can co-exist with leopards. We acknowledge that when the leopards return to the ecosystem, they will sometimes take down livestock.

All of us want a better future for the Arabian leopard, in which the triplets’ descendants roam AlUla, unfettered and free.

Stephen Browne

To offset this, we are already working in collaboration with community members to introduce various initiatives, including plans to train dogs from the RCU Animal Welfare Center to serve as farm watchdogs, supporting farmers to build fences that better prevent livestock from straying, and promoting leopard-based ecotourism so that the species acquires economic value for the community.

The popular consciousness on conservation is changing. The Green and Blue series of Arab News is evidence of that. We are honored that Green and Blue’s first story was on the Arabian leopard, and that it is returning to the leopard to close the year. All of us want a better future for this species, in which we see the triplets’ descendants roaming AlUla, unfettered and free.

• Stephen Browne is vice president (wildlife and natural heritage) at the Royal Commission for AlUla.

Disclaimer: Views expressed by writers in this section are their own and do not necessarily reflect Arab News' point of view

Pakistan sets up new forensic lab to strengthen FIA’s documentary, financial and digital crime probes

Pakistan sets up new forensic lab to strengthen FIA’s documentary, financial and digital crime probes
Updated 9 min 1 sec ago

Pakistan sets up new forensic lab to strengthen FIA’s documentary, financial and digital crime probes

Pakistan sets up new forensic lab to strengthen FIA’s documentary, financial and digital crime probes
  • The FIA, Pakistan’s premier investigative agency, previously outsourced forensic analyzes, leading to delayed results
  • The new lab, equipped with geo-fencing system, will allow for detailed examination of documents through advanced tools

ISLAMABAD: Pakistan has established a new Directorate of Forensic Lab within its Federal Investigation Agency (FIA) to enhance its capacity to examine digital equipment, travel documents and probe financial fraud cases, an FIA spokesperson said on Monday.

The FIA is Pakistan’s premier investigative agency responsible for handling a wide range of national and transnational crimes, including cybercrime, human trafficking, immigration violations, financial fraud, militancy and corruption.

Within the agency, investigators faced challenges including outdated tools, limited funding, and a lack of advanced hardware and software for forensic investigations, according to officials.

The agency previously outsourced forensic analyzes, particularly of documents, digital media and banking frauds, to the overburdened Punjab Forensic Science Agency (PFSA) or regional labs, leading to delayed results.

“Restructuring process continues in FIA as a new Directorate of Forensic Lab [has been] established at the headquarters of the agency,” FIA spokesperson Abdul Ghafoor told Arab News, adding the new facility would enhance the FIA’s forensic examination capabilities and modernize its investigative process.

“The forensic lab will allow for detailed forensic examination of travel documents as the directorate is equipped with advanced technological tools and facilities.”

With the increasing use of mobile phones and laptops in crimes, Ghafoor said, forensic analysis of gadgets has become essential to obtain verified data and present it as evidence in court.

“Digital forensics of mobile phones and laptops used by suspects will be conducted using state-of-the-art equipment and also fingerprint analysis of suspects will also be possible [through the lab],” he added.

The directorate has been equipped with a geo-fencing system and represents a significant step toward establishing a modern and effective investigation system, according to the official. It will also provide technical support in investigating banking fraud cases.

Top former FIA officials believe establishing the new forensic directorate was a “long-overdue step” and it will help FIA investigations by enabling reliable digital evidence collection in both cyber and financial crime domains.

“This was a long-overdue step as manual methods of analysis have more possibility of error margins and inconsistent results, which hampered the progress of investigations,” Ammar Jaffery, a former FIA director-general, told Arab News.

He said digital forensic capabilities were critical in today’s complex crime landscape, which ranges from cybercrime to document forgery.

“This new directorate will not only ensure accurate and timely analysis but will also strengthen the agency’s ability to gather admissible evidence, and support prosecution,” Jaffery added.

Bashir Memon, another former FIA DG, said mobile devices were now central to most criminal investigations, including those of extortion, harassment and militancy.

“Without proper digital forensic tools, crucial evidence often remained hidden or was challenged in court,” he told Arab News.

“The new forensic directorate enables precise mobile data extraction, call pattern analysis, and geo-fencing, which are essential for building strong, court-admissible cases.”

In cases of financial and bank frauds, Memon said, traditional investigation methods were insufficient to trace digital footprints, track money trails, or verify forged documents.

“With the digital forensic lab equipped with the modern technology, FIA can now authenticate financial records, detect manipulated transactions, and verify identities linked to fake accounts or forged passports vastly improving outcomes in white-collar crime cases,” he added.

 


Zelensky says ‘mercenaries’ from China, Pakistan and other countries fighting for Russia

Zelensky says ‘mercenaries’ from China, Pakistan and other countries fighting for Russia
Updated 27 min 3 sec ago

Zelensky says ‘mercenaries’ from China, Pakistan and other countries fighting for Russia

Zelensky says ‘mercenaries’ from China, Pakistan and other countries fighting for Russia
  • Ukraine’s president has previously accused Moscow of recruiting Chinese fighters for war effort against Ukraine
  • Russia did not immediately respond to Zelensky’s comments, neither have Pakistan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan

KYIV: President Volodymyr Zelensky said on Monday that Ukrainian troops in northeastern Ukraine were fighting foreign “mercenaries” from various countries including China, Pakistan and parts of Africa, and vowed a response.

Zelensky has previously accused Moscow of recruiting Chinese fighters for its war effort against Ukraine, charges Beijing denied, while North Korea has also provided thousands of its own troops in Russia’s Kursk region.

“We spoke with commanders about the frontline situation, the defense of Vovchansk, and the dynamics of the battles,” Zelensky wrote on X after visiting a frontline area in the northeastern Kharkiv region.

“Our warriors in this sector are reporting the participation of mercenaries from China, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Pakistan, and African countries in the war. We will respond.”

Reuters contacted the embassies of Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and Pakistan in Kyiv to request comment.

Russia did not immediately comment publicly on Zelensky’s comments.


Spotify to raise premium subscription price in MENA, other select markets from September

Spotify to raise premium subscription price in MENA, other select markets from September
Updated 04 August 2025

Spotify to raise premium subscription price in MENA, other select markets from September

Spotify to raise premium subscription price in MENA, other select markets from September
  • Subscription price will rise to 11.99 euros per month

LONDON: Spotify said on Monday it would increase monthly price of its premium individual subscription in select markets from September, including the Middle East, as the Swedish streaming giant looks to improve margins.
The company’s shares jumped nearly 8 percent. They have gained about 40 percent so far this year.
As well as the Middle East, the subscription price will rise to 11.99 euros ($13.86) per month from 10.99 euros in markets including South Asia, Africa, Europe, Latin America and the Asia-Pacific region.
Spotify said subscribers will receive an email explaining the price rise over the next month.
Price increases in the past, combined with cost-cutting efforts in recent years, have helped it to achieve its first annual profit for 2024.
The company saw an increase in monthly active users and premium subscribers during the second quarter, while higher taxes related to employee salaries led it to post a loss during the period and weighed on its third-quarter profit forecast.
Spotify has been expanding its library of video content to attract subscribers, including through its partner program, which is designed to help podcast creators by offering them monetization options.
A growing number of creators are joining the Spotify Partner Program, resulting in a significant increase in video content on the platform, CEO Daniel Ek had earlier told Reuters.
The streaming company is also benefiting from Apple’s approval of its US app update to show subscription prices and external payment links, after a judge barred the iPhone maker from charging commission on off-app purchases.
Ek said this change has led to “a very positive uptick” in the US If similar rules are adopted in Europe and the UK, it would benefit both Spotify and other app developers.


Hundreds gather to mark five years since Beirut blast, but justice still elusive

Relatives of victims of the deadly 2020 Beirut port explosion hold portraits of their loved ones and a giant Lebanese flag.
Relatives of victims of the deadly 2020 Beirut port explosion hold portraits of their loved ones and a giant Lebanese flag.
Updated 04 August 2025

Hundreds gather to mark five years since Beirut blast, but justice still elusive

Relatives of victims of the deadly 2020 Beirut port explosion hold portraits of their loved ones and a giant Lebanese flag.
  • Carrying flags and portraits of some of the victims, many of those standing said they felt deeply disappointed that no one has been held to account for the explosion

BEIRUT: Hundreds of Lebanese gathered solemnly near Beirut’s coast on Monday to commemorate a half-decade since the cataclysmic port blast of 2020, when more than 200 people were killed in one of the largest non-nuclear explosions in history. Carrying Lebanese flags and portraits of some of the victims, many of those standing said they felt deeply disappointed that no one has been held to account for the devastating explosion.
“Can someone tell me why five years on we’re still standing here? If everyone stands with this cause, then who’s against us?” said William Noun, whose brother Joseph, a firefighter, was killed by the blast.
“This file needs to close. It’s been five years and we don’t want to have a sixth,” Noun said from a stage set up near the port.
The blast destroyed large swathes of Beirut, leaving tens of thousands of people homeless.
The names of all those killed were read out as protesters stood facing the wreckage of the Beirut grain silos, which were heavily damaged in the blast and continued to deteriorate and collapse for years after. At 6:07 p.m. — the time of the blast five years ago — the few hundred gathered stood for a moment of silence.
“I’m here because I find it crazy that five years later, we still don’t know exactly what happened,” said Catherine Otayek, 30. “I had hope for answers in 2020. I didn’t think we’d still be here.”
Although she did not lose anyone herself, the Lebanese expatriate living in France said she made it a point to return to Beirut every year for the commemoration as a duty to fellow Lebanese.
The port blast came nearly a year into Lebanon’s catastrophic economic collapse, and was followed by a political crisis that paralyzed government and a devastating war between Hezbollah and Israel starting in 2023.
Investigation stymied
The blast is thought to have been set off by a fire at a warehouse on the evening of August 4, 2020, detonating hundreds of tons of ammonium nitrate. Lebanese officials promised at the time that an investigation into the blast’s root causes would be completed in five days. But years of political interference stymied the probe, with judicial officials and then-ministers continually raising legal challenges against the investigating judges, effectively paralysing the investigation. Some Lebanese have drawn hope from pledges by President Joseph Aoun and Prime Minister Nawaf Salam — both of whom came to power at the beginning of this year — to prioritize justice for blast victims.
On Monday, Aoun pledged to hold those responsible for the blast accountable, regardless of their position or political affiliation. “Justice will not die, and accountability will inevitably come,” he said.
The president and prime minister did not attend Monday’s commemoration. Judge Tarek Bitar resumed his investigation earlier this year and has questioned several officials in recent months — but he has yet to issue a preliminary indictment, which many Lebanese were hoping for ahead of the fifth anniversary.
“We want a preliminary indictment that is complete and comprehensive,” said Paul Naggear, whose three-year-old daughter Alexandra was killed in the blast. “We want to know who was supposed to evacuate our neighborhoods, so that we could get to the hospital, and so my daughter could have survived.”
Naggear and his wife Tracy have been among the most vocal advocates for accountability for the blast.
Rights groups have pressed for a full investigation that will establish the full chain of responsibility. “Justice delayed is justice denied,” said Reina Wehbi, Amnesty International’s Lebanon campaigner. “The families of those killed and injured in the Beirut explosion have waited an intolerable five years. They must not be forced to endure another year of impunity.”


Saudi National Day theme, identity unveiled: Pride in Our Nature

Saudi National Day theme, identity unveiled: Pride in Our Nature
Updated 04 August 2025

Saudi National Day theme, identity unveiled: Pride in Our Nature

Saudi National Day theme, identity unveiled: Pride in Our Nature
  • National Day’s visual identity comprises six main illustrations, each representing a distinct national trait
  • To unify online participation, the following hashtag has been approved for public and official use: #SaudiNationalDay95

JEDDAH: The theme and visual identity for the 95th Saudi National Day on Sept. 23 were unveiled on Monday with the slogan “Pride in Our Nature.”

The announcement was made by Turki Alalshikh, the chairman of the General Entertainment Authority and chairman of the Saudi Boxing Federation, who shared the news on his official account on X.

It read: “The new identity for #95th_National_Day is now launched under the slogan #Pride_In_Our_Nature. Download the identity and its applications: https://nd.gea.gov.sa.”

This year’s identity is a tribute to the character, values and ambitions that define the Kingdom of Ƶ, the GEA said.

It celebrates how Saudis are known for their generosity, authenticity, ambition, kindness, and a willingness to stand by one another in moments of need.

The National Day’s visual identity comprises six main illustrations, each representing a distinct national trait. These core values are visually translated into symbols inspired by Saudi culture and history.

There is generosity, which is symbolized by the dallah (traditional coffee pot) and finjan (coffee cup), representing Saudi hospitality.

The country’s authenticity is emphasized by the cultural depth and heritage embedded in the Saudi way of life.

Ambition, represented by Tuwaiq Mountain, symbolizes resilience and a high-reaching national spirit, inspired by Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman’s famous quote comparing Saudi ambition to the steadfastness of the iconic mountain.

Faz’ah (solidarity and aid), depicted through crossed hands and inspired by a well-known gesture by the crown prince, symbolizes readiness, unity and mutual support.

Vision 2030, incorporated as a future-focused trait, showcases Ƶ’s strategic road map for development and transformation.

Hospitality highlights the Kingdom’s commitment to philanthropy and supporting others.

Each illustration is paired with a unique color identity, and supported by three secondary pattern designs, creating a visually rich and cohesive image that mirrors the diversity and unity of the Saudi people.

The official logo features geometric typography fused with patterns inspired by traditional Saudi weaving techniques.

The phrase “Pride in Our Nature” is visually constructed using bold, block-like forms in a modern expression of heritage, unity, and national pride. The logo’s integrity is protected. It must not be altered, redrawn, or manipulated in any way.

A dedicated typeface has also been developed to complement the identity, available in multiple font weights to ensure clarity and consistency across all official applications.

The identity package includes a wide range of ready-to-use assets such as visuals of Saudi leadership, official National Day logos, templates for office and outdoor advertisements, product applications and digital resources for download at https://nd.gea.gov.sa.

To unify online participation, the following hashtag has been approved for public and official use: #SaudiNationalDay95.