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ISLAMABAD: Pakistan’s top disaster management body has warned that the country is facing a climate emergency as major natural hazards have been hitting every two months and now pose a grave “national security threat,” underscoring the urgent need for resilience and preparedness measures.

Pakistan, which ranks among the world’s most climate-vulnerable nations, has experienced increasingly erratic, frequent weather events, including heat waves, untimely rains, storms, cyclones and droughts, in recent years, which scientists have blamed on human-driven climate change.

The South Asian country is currently reeling from one of the deadliest floods in its history that have claimed more than 850 lives, according to the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA). The deluges swept away livestock and swathes of prime farmland in the most populous Punjab province.

Speaking at a press briefing on Sunday, NDMA chief Lt. Gen. Inam Haider Malik said they were planning short-, medium- and long-term measures to deal with these frequently occurring climate disasters, including the monsoon season that bring South Asia up to 80 percent of its annual rainfall.

“After every two months, Pakistan is facing a big disaster, in which the winter hazards are yet to come, after that, the early heatwave will come, and whatever will be triggered by the early heatwave, in which there are forest fires, and the next heatwave, and after that, another monsoon,” Malik said.

“Unfortunately, this is a part of reality, as we just talked about, in climate change, this is intensifying in the coming years... now climate change is being taken as a national security threat.”

Global warming has worsened monsoon rains this year in Pakistan. While downpours and cloudbursts have triggered flash floods and landslides across the mountainous northern regions, residents in eastern Punjab have experienced abnormal amounts of rain as well as cross-border flooding after India released excess water from its overflowing dams into Pakistan.

In May, severe storms killed at least 32 people in northern parts of the country, while other regions experienced sweltering heatwaves.

Climate Change Minister Musadiq Malik said “the whole country is in chaos” right now, adding that they have been sharing their assessments reports with the prime minister as well as the military leadership.

He said their top priority is to provide relief to the poorest 800,000 of a total of 2 million people displaced by the deluges.

“We are trying very hard, 800,000 of them are those poor people who have no rich relatives, who have been displaced, who need water, who have water-borne diseases, that is, water which is not available, water which is not drinkable, the diseases that spread because of that, so that this epidemic does not spread,” he said.

“We have to deliver mosquito nets, we have to deliver tents, we have to deliver food, we have to deliver electricity, for all these things, our primary focus is on those displaced poor people on whom work is being done.”

The deluges have revived memories of the 2022 cataclysmic floods when a third of Pakistan was submerged, with more than 1,700 people killed, over 30 million affected and damages totaling $35 billion.

In the southern Sindh province, from where the dangerously high floodwaters are likely to pass in the coming days, local authorities have already started evacuating people to safety with support from army, navy and NDMA.

“It is our duty to protect every citizen,” the climate change minister said. “All the civil institutions are standing with the provinces, our 1122 is standing with the provinces, so God willing, we will minimize the damage.”

ISLAMABAD: Pakistan has retired Rs2,600 billion ($9.2 billion) debt to central and commercial banks in less than one year, the country’s finance adviser said on Sunday, describing it as a “record achievement” amid improving fiscal discipline.

The Pakistani finance ministry early-retired Rs500 billion to the central bank on June 30, while the country’s Debt Management Office executed another repayment of Rs1,133 billion on August 29, according to Khurram Schehzad, adviser to Finance Minister Muhammad Aurangzeb.

The brought the total early retirement of the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) debt to Rs1,633 billion. Earlier this fiscal year, the finance ministry retired domestic commercial market debt of Rs1,000 billion, in the first such advanced debt retirement operation in Pakistan’s history.

“Including both the central bank and commercial portions, the total early debt retirement in less than one year now comes to over PKR 2,600 billion — an unprecedented scale and decisive action in the country’s fiscal history,” Schehzad said on X.

Pakistan’s total domestic debt stood at Rs51,518 billion in March 2025, according to the central bank data.

Schehzad said the government had cut the SBP debt by nearly 30 percent to Rs3.8 trillion from Rs5.5 trillion well before its 2029 maturity.

“This action marks a decisive shift from past debt-heavy practices, where reliance on borrowing crowded out fiscal space and increased risks,” he said.

The development comes as the South Asian country treads a long, tricky path to economic recovery under a $7 billion International Monetary Fund (IMF) program. Pakistan has struggled with boom-bust cycles for decades and secured 22 IMF bailouts since 1958.

The finance adviser said the improved fiscal discipline has eased the country’s 2029 refinancing burden, lowered rollover risks and created more room for development spending.

“The average maturity of domestic debt has risen to 3.8 years from 2.7 in FY24 — the sharpest single-year improvement in history, and well ahead of the IMF target,” he shared.

“With falling rates and disciplined, early repayments, the government has already secured over PKR +800 billion in taxpayer savings (FY25).”

Schehzad said the move was part of “responsible, forward-looking financial governance.”

“By reversing the old cycle of unchecked borrowing and putting repayment at the center of fiscal management, Pakistan is restoring credibility, strengthening resilience, and building a more sustainable future,” he added.